Kenyelletso ea litlhaloso tsa PCIe 5.0

• Kenyelletso ea litlhaloso tsa PCIe 5.0

Tlhaloso ea PCIe 4.0 e phethetsoe ka 2017, empa e ne e sa tšehetsoe ke li-platform tsa bareki ho fihlela letoto la AMD la 7nm Rydragon 3000, 'me pele e ne e le lihlahisoa tse kang supercomputing, polokelo ea lebelo le phahameng la khoebo, le lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang li sebelisa theknoloji ea PCIe 4.0.Le hoja theknoloji ea PCIe 4.0 e e-s'o sebelisoe ka tekanyo e kholo, mokhatlo oa PCI-SIG ke khale o ntse o hlahisa PCIe 5.0 e potlakileng, lebelo la pontšo le imenne habeli ho tloha ho 16GT / s ho ea ho 32GT / s, bandwidth e ka fihla 128GB / s, mme tlhahiso ea 0.9/1.0 e phethiloe.Mofuta oa v0.7 oa mongolo o tloaelehileng oa PCIe 6.0 o rometsoe ho litho, 'me nts'etsopele ea maemo e ntse e tsoela pele.Sekhahla sa pin sa PCIe 6.0 se ekelitsoe ho 64 GT/s, e leng makhetlo a 8 ho feta PCIe 3.0, 'me bandwidth ea likanale tsa x16 e ka ba kholo ho feta 256GB/s.Ka mantsoe a mang, lebelo la hajoale la PCIe 3.0 x8 le hloka mocha o le mong feela oa PCIe 6.0 ho o fihlela.Mabapi le v0.7, PCIe 6.0 e fihletse boholo ba likarolo tse phatlalalitsoeng qalong, empa tšebeliso ea matla e ntse e ntlafala le ho feta.d, mme maemo a sa tsoa hlahisa lisebelisoa tsa tlhophiso ea matla a L0p.Ehlile, kamora phatlalatso ka 2021, PCIe 6.0 e ka fumaneha khoebong ka 2023 kapa 2024 qalong.Mohlala, PCIe 5.0 e amohetsoe ka 2019, 'me ke hona joale moo ho nang le linyeoe tsa kopo.

Ha ho bapisoa le litlhaloso tsa maemo a fetileng, litlhaloso tsa PCIe 4.0 li fihlile morao haholo.Litlhaloso tsa PCIe 3.0 li ile tsa hlahisoa ka 2010, lilemo tse 7 ka mor'a ho hlahisoa ha PCIe 4.0, kahoo bophelo ba litlhaloso tsa PCIe 4.0 bo ka ba bokhutšoanyane.Haholo-holo, barekisi ba bang ba se ba qalile ho rala lisebelisoa tsa 'mele tsa PCIe 5.0 PHY.

Mokhatlo oa PCI-SIG o lebeletse hore litekanyetso tsena tse peli li phelisane ka nako e itseng, 'me PCIe 5.0 e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle tse nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ho feta, tse kang Gpus bakeng sa AI, lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang, joalo-joalo, ho bolelang hore PCIe 5.0 ke ho ka etsahala hore e hlahe setsing sa data, marang-rang, le tikolohong ea HPC.Lisebelisoa tse nang le litlhoko tse fokolang tsa bandwidth, joalo ka li-desktops, li ka sebelisa PCIe 4.0.

Bakeng sa PCIe 5.0, sekhahla sa lets'oao se eketsehile ho tloha ho PCIe 4.0's 16GT/s ho ea ho 32GT/s, e ntse e sebelisa encoding ea 128/130, 'me bandwidth ea x16 e eketsehile ho tloha ho 64GB/s ho ea ho 128GB/s.

Ntle le ho imena habeli bandwidth, PCIe 5.0 e tlisa liphetoho tse ling, ho fetola moralo oa motlakase ho ntlafatsa bots'epehi ba mats'oao, ho lumellana ka morao le PCIe, le tse ling.Ntle le moo, PCIe 5.0 e entsoe ka litekanyetso tse ncha tse fokotsang latency le ho fokotsa matšoao maetong a malelele.

Mokhatlo oa PCI-SIG o lebelletse ho phethela mofuta oa 1.0 oa litlhaloso ho Q1 selemong sena, empa ba ka nts'etsapele litekanyetso, empa ba sitoa ho laola ha sesebelisoa sa terminal se hlahisoa 'marakeng, mme ho lebelletsoe hore PCIe 5.0 ea pele lisebelisoa li tla qala selemong sena, 'me lihlahisoa tse ngata li tla hlaha ka 2020. Leha ho le joalo, tlhokahalo ea lebelo le phahameng e ile ea etsa hore 'mele o tloaelehileng o hlalose moloko o latelang oa PCI Express.Sepheo sa PCIe 5.0 ke ho eketsa lebelo la maemo ka nako e khutšoanyane ka ho fetisisa.Ka hona, PCIe 5.0 e etselitsoe ho eketsa lebelo ho standard PCIe 4.0 ntle le likarolo tse ling tsa bohlokoa tse ncha.

Mohlala, PCIe 5.0 ha e tšehetse matšoao a PAM 4 mme e kenyelletsa feela likarolo tse ncha tse hlokahalang ho nolofalletsa maemo a PCIe ho tšehetsa 32 GT/s ka nako e khuts'oane e ka khonehang.

Mathata a Hardware

Phephetso e kholo ea ho lokisa sehlahisoa ho tšehetsa PCI Express 5.0 e tla amana le bolelele ba mocha.Ha lebelo la ponts'o le potlakile, leqhubu le phahameng la sephethephethe sa lets'oao le fetisoang ka boto ea PC.Mefuta e 'meli ea tšenyo ea' mele e fokotsa tekanyo eo baenjiniere ba ka phatlalatsang matšoao a PCIe:

· 1. Attenuation ea kanale

· 2. Lits'oants'o tse hlahang mocha ka lebaka la li-impedance discontinuities ho li-pin, li-connectors, li-holes le mehaho e meng.

Tlhaloso ea PCIe 5.0 e sebelisa likanale tse nang le -36dB attenuation ho 16 GHz.Maqhubu a 16 GHz a emela maqhubu a Nyquist bakeng sa matshwao a dijithale a 32 GT/s.Ka mohlala, ha lets'oao la PCIe5.0 le qala, le ka 'na la ba le motlakase o tloaelehileng oa 800 mV.Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a ho feta mocha o khothalletsoang -36dB, ntho leha e le efe e tšoanang le leihlo le bulehileng e lahlehile.Ke feela ka ho sebelisa transmitter based equalization (de-accentuating) le ho lekanngoa ha moamoheli (motsoako oa CTLE le DFE) moo lets'oao la PCIe5.0 le ka fetang mocha oa sistimi mme la hlalosoa ka nepo ke moamoheli.Bophahamo bo tlase bo lebelletsoeng ba lets'oao la PCIe 5.0 ke 10mV(post-equalization).Leha e na le transmitter e haufi-ufi e phethahetseng ea jitter, ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha mocha ho fokotsa boholo ba lets'oao ho isa moo mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa tšenyo ea lets'oao e bakoang ke ho bonahatsa le crosstalk e ka koaloang ho khutlisa leihlo.